What is a substation? What types of substations are there?

2025,06,26

In modern power systems, substations (also known as transformer stations) are the core link in the transmission and distribution of electric energy. They are responsible for adjusting the voltage level to ensure that electricity is safely and efficiently delivered to thousands of households.

Whether it is urban power supply, industrial power consumption, or new energy power generation and grid connection, they all rely on the support of substations. So, what are the specific types of substations? What functions do they each undertake? Hubei Jutai will give you a detailed answer.

（ZGS Combined Transformers American Box Transformers）

Main types of substations

Based on the voltage level, purpose and structure, substations can be divided into the following types:

1. Classification by voltage level

(1) Ultra-high voltage substation (UHV)

Voltage level: ≥1000kV (AC) or ±800kV (DC)

Purpose: used for long-distance, large-capacity power transmission, such as the national grid trunk line

Features: complex technology, huge investment, but can greatly reduce long-distance transmission losses

(2) Extra-high voltage substation (EHV)

Voltage level: 330kV~750kV

Purpose: connecting regional power grids, such as inter-provincial power transmission

Features: suitable for large power plant grid connection and backbone power grid construction

(3) High voltage substation (HV)

Voltage Level: 110kV~220kV

Purpose: Power supply hub in cities or industrial areas

Features: Commonly found in provincial or municipal power grids, such as the substation solutions provided by power equipment companies such as Hubei Jutai

(4) Medium voltage substation (MV)

Voltage level: 10kV~35kV

Purpose: Supply power to communities, commercial areas or factories

Features: Usually uses distribution transformers for voltage reduction

(5) Low voltage substation (LV)

Voltage level: ≤1kV

Purpose: Directly supply electricity to households and small businesses

Features: Usually combined with distribution boxes to ensure terminal power safety

（10KV European Box Substation Equipment）

Regardless of the type of substation, its core equipment usually includes:

Transformer (such as the Distribution transformer provided by Hubei Jutai)

Circuit breaker (for circuit protection)

Isolator (isolates the circuit during maintenance)

Transformer (measures current and voltage)

Lightning arrester (lightning protection)

Conclusion

Substation is an indispensable part of the power system. Different types of substations play a key role in the transmission and distribution of power. With the development of smart grids and new energy, substations will be more automated and efficient in the future.

If you need high-quality distribution transformers or substation solutions, you can pay attention to professional power equipment suppliers such as Hubei Jutai to obtain more advanced technical support.

Author:

Mr. jiawenhan

E-mail:

JT13797437282@gmail.com

Phone/WhatsApp:

+86 13797437282